The formation and usage of the English third conditional. EnglishClub explains how to make this construction, with example sentences and quiz.
This analysis of conditional verb forms was written by Rob De Decker, who teaches English at a Flemish grammar school (equivalent to an American high school) in Schellebelle, Belgium. It is used here with his permission.
Conditional Clause and Main Clause If I have enough money, conditional clause I will go to Japan. Main clause I will go to Japan, main clause if I have enough money conditional clause First, Second, and Third Conditional 1. First conditional: If I have enough money, I will go to Japan. Second conditional: If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
![Sentences Sentences](/uploads/1/2/5/4/125490025/447014248.png)
Third conditional: If I had had enough money, I would have gone to Japan. Conditional clause Main clause 1. If + Present Tense will + inf / present tense / imperative. If you help me with the dishes (if + pres), I will help you with your homework.
(will + inf). If the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by three, the number is divisible by three (Pres. Tense). If you see Mr Fox tonight, tell him I am ill.
If + Past Tense would + inf 3. If + Past Perfect Tense would have + past participle We do not normally use will or would in the conditional clause, only in the main clause.
Uses of the Conditional. First conditional. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time. If he is late, we will have to go without him. If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.
Second conditional. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now.
![Conditional Conditional](/uploads/1/2/5/4/125490025/124860562.png)
If I knew her name, I would tell you. If I were you, I would tell my father.
Compare: If I become president, I will change the social security system. (Said by a presidential candidate) If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a schoolboy: improbable) If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.
If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable).
Third conditional. Nature: unreal. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.) e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party.(But you didn't, and I have).
The conditional construction does not normally use will or would in if-clauses. EXCEPTION: If will or would express willingness, as in requests, they can be used in if-clauses.
If you will come this way, the manager will see you now. I would be grateful if you would give me a little help.
(= ± please, come this way; please, give me.) 2. For the second conditional, were replaces was: If I were a rich man. After if, we can either use 'some(-one, -where.)' or 'any(-one, -where.). If I have some spare time next weekend.or: If I have any spare time.
Instead of if not, we can use unless. I'll be back tomorrow unless there is a plane strike.
He'll accept the job unless the salary is too low. 5.There is a 'mixed type' as well, for the present results of an unreal condition in the past: If + Past Perfect - would + inf.
If you had warned me then, I would not be in prison now.
Which one of the following types of sentences are used to talk about situations that are always true if something happens? A) Type 1 conditional sentences b) Zero conditional sentences c) Type 2 conditional sentences 2.
Which of the following is used to talk about a possible condition and its probable result? A) Type 1 conditional b) Type 2 conditional c) Type 3 conditional 3. In a Type 1 conditional sentence, we use a in the if-clause and will + infinitive in the result clause. A) Simple present tense b) Simple future tense c) Simple past tense 4. Which one of the following conditional sentences are used to refer to a hypothetical condition and its probable result?
A) Type 2 conditional b) Type 1 conditional c) Type 3 conditional 5. Which one of the following types of sentences are used to talk about past situations that didn’t happen? A) Type 1 conditional b) Type 2 conditional c) Type 3 conditional 6. In a Type 3 conditional sentence, we use a past perfect tense in the if-clause and in the result clause.
A) would + infinitive b) would have + past participle c) will + infinitive 7. Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct? A) She would come if you had invited her. B) She would have come if you had invited her. C) She will come if you would invite her. Zero conditional sentences 2.
Type 1 conditional 3. Simple present 4. Type 2 conditional 5. Type 3 conditional 6. Would have + past participle 7. She would have come if you had invited her.